Isishwankathelo
Ngo-2025, imarike yenqwelo yegalufa iya kubonisa umahluko ocacileyo kwizisombululo zombane kunye ne-fuel drive: iinqwelo zegalufa zombane ziya kuba zezona zikhethwayo kwimiboniso emifutshane kunye neendawo ezithuleyo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokusebenza, phantse ingxolo ye-zero kunye nokugcinwa lula; iinqwelo zegalufa zamafutha ziya kukhuphisana ngakumbi kumgama omde kunye nokusetyenziswa komthwalo ophezulu kunye noluhlu olude lokuhamba kunye nokukwazi ukunyuka okuqhubekayo. Inqaku elilandelayo liza kuqhuba uthelekiso lwe-panoramic yezisombululo zamandla amabini ukusuka kwimilinganiselo emine: iindleko, ukusebenza, ukugcinwa kunye nobomi, kunye namava omsebenzisi, kwaye unike iingcebiso zokukhetha kwisigqibo.
Uthelekiso lweendleko
Iinqwelo zegalufa zombane: kulula ukuzihlawulisa, zinokusebenzisa iisokethi zasekhaya. Amatyala ombane wemihla ngemihla aphantsi kunye nokugcinwa lula.
Iinqwelo zegalufa zamafutha: kufuneka zigalelwe amafutha rhoqo, kwaye ixabiso lepetroli liphezulu. Zininzi izinto zogcino kwaye ulondolozo lunzima ngakumbi.
Uthelekiso lweNtsebenzo
Uluhlu lweCruise
Iinqwelo zegalufa zombane: Iinkqubo zebhetri ze-lithium eziqhelekileyo ze-48 V zinoluhlu olumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-30-50 kwiindlela ezithe tyaba, ngokuqhelekileyo azikho ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-100.
Iinqwelo zegalufa zamafutha: Iitanki zegaloni ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 zinokuhamba iimayile ezingama-100–180 ngesantya esiphakathi se-10 mph, kwaye ezinye iimodeli zibekwe ukuya kuthi ga kwiimayile ezingama-200.
Ingxolo kunye neVibration
Iinqwelo zegalufa zombane: Ingxolo yemoto iphantsi kakhulu, kwaye abasebenzisi bavakalise ukuba "i-injini ayivakali ibaleka".
Iinqwelo zegalufa zamafutha: Nokuba kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yokuthulisa, kusekho ingxolo ecacileyo, engabangeli unxibelelwano oluzolileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ebusuku.
Ukukhawulezisa kunye nesakhono sokuNyuka
Iinqwelo zegalufa zombane: I-torque ekhawulezileyo iqinisekisa ukuqala ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ukunyamezela kuncitshiswa kakhulu xa unyuka ngokuqhubekayo, efuna ibhetri enkulu yomthamo okanye ukunciphisa umthwalo.
Iinqwelo zegalufa zamafutha: I-injini yokutshisa yangaphakathi inokuqhubekeka ukubonelela ngamafutha, kwaye amandla azinzile ngakumbi phantsi kweemeko zokunyuka kwexesha elide kunye nomthwalo onzima, ofaneleke ngakumbi imiboniso efana nomhlaba ojikelezayo kunye neefama.
Isondlo kunye noBomi
Iinqwelo zegalufa zombane: Isakhiwo silula, kwaye umsebenzi wokulondoloza ugxininise kakhulu kwinkqubo yokulawula ibhetri (BMS) kunye nokuhlolwa kweemoto. Iibhetri ze-lead-acid kufuneka zizaliswe rhoqo kwaye zilinganiswe, ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium azidingi ukugcinwa okongeziweyo, kwaye kuphela isimo sokubeka iliso esifunekayo.
Iinqwelo zegalufa zamafutha: I-injini, inkqubo yamafutha kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha igesi ifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo. I-oyile kunye nesihluzo kufuneka sitshintshwe ubuncinane kabini ngonyaka, kwaye iiplagi ze-spark kunye nezihluzo zomoya kufuneka zihlolwe. Ukuntsonkotha kogcino kunye neendleko ziphezulu kunezo zeenqwelo zegalufa zombane.
Ukuthelekisa ubomi: Ubomi bebhetri yeenqwelo zegalufa zombane ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-5-10 iminyaka, kwaye izixhobo ze-electromechanical zingasetyenziselwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10; I-injini yeenqwelo zegalufa zamafutha ingasetyenziswa iminyaka eyi-8-12, kodwa ulondolozo oluphakathi luyafuneka.
Amava omsebenzisi
Ukuqhuba intuthuzelo: Iinqwelo zegalufa zombane zizinzile kwaye zine-vibration ephantsi, kwaye i-chassis kunye nesakhiwo sesihlalo kulula ukukhulisa induduzo; i-vibration kunye nobushushu be-injini yenqwelo yegalufa yamafutha igxininiswe phantsi kwe-cockpit, kwaye ukuqhuba ixesha elide kuxhomekeke ekudinweni.
Ukusetyenziswa ngokulula: Iinqwelo zegalufa zombane zixhasa ukutshaja kweesokethi zasekhaya kwaye zinokuhlawuliswa ngokupheleleyo kwiiyure ze-4-5; iinqwelo zegalufa zegalufa zikhawuleza zifake i-refuel, kodwa imiphanda yeoli eyongezelelweyo kunye nokhuseleko lokhuseleko luyafuneka.
Impendulo yangempela: Abasebenzisi boluntu bathi isizukulwana esitsha seenqwelo zegalufa zombane sinokuba noluhlu oluzinzile lwe-30-35 yeekhilomitha, ezaneleyo ukusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuba imeko yakho yokusetyenziswa kukuhamba umgama omfutshane (i-15-40 yeekhilomitha / ixesha) kwaye ineemfuno eziphezulu zokuzola kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi, iinqwelo zegalufa zombane ngokungathandabuzekiyo zineendleko eziphezulu; ukuba ugxininise ekunyamezelweni komgama omde (ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-80), umthwalo ophezulu okanye umhlaba ojikelezayo, iinqwelo zegalufa zamafutha zingahlangabezana ngcono neemfuno zakho ngokuphuma kwamandla okuqhubekayo kunye nokunyamezela ixesha elide. Ngaphandle kokuba kukho iimfuno ezikhethekileyo, iinqwelo zegalufa zombane zisebenza ngakumbi kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla kwaye zihambelana ngakumbi nendlela yangoku yokukhusela indalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-24-2025
