Ukuhlalutya iMarike yeNqwelo yeGalufa yoMbane yaseYurophu: Iindlela eziphambili, iDatha, kunye namathuba

Imakethi yeenqwelo zegalufa zombane eYurophu ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ikhuthazwa yindibaniselwano yemigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo, imfuno yabathengi yezothutho oluzinzileyo, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ngaphaya kwamabala egalufa emveli. Nge-CAGR eqikelelweyo (iNqanaba loKhulo loNyaka oluQokelelweyo) ye-7.5% ukusuka ngo-2023 ukuya ku-2030, ishishini leenqwelo zegalufa zombane zaseYurophu likwimeko entle yokwanda okuqhubekayo.

Ubungakanani beMarike kunye noQeqesho loKhulo

Idatha yamva nje ibonisa ukuba imakethi yeenqwelo zegalufa zombane zaseYurophu yayixabisa malunga ne-$453 yezigidi ngo-2023 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ikhule ngokuqhubekayo nge-CAGR emalunga ne-6% ukuya kwi-8% ukuya kuthi ga ngo-2033. Olu kukhula luqhutywa kukwamkelwa okwandayo kumacandelo afana nokhenketho, ukuhambahamba ezidolophini, kunye noluntu oluvalelweyo. Umzekelo, amazwe afana neJamani, iFrance, neNetherlands abone ukwanda okukhulu kwiinqwelo zegalufa zombane ngenxa yemithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo. EJamani kuphela, ngaphezulu kwama-40% eendawo zegalufa ngoku zisebenzisa iinqwelo zegalufa ezisebenzisa umbane kuphela, okuhambelana nenjongo yelizwe yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ngama-55% ngo-2030.

Ukwandisa Izicelo kunye Nemfuno Yabathengi

Nangona amabala egalufa ngokwesiko ebangela inxalenye enkulu yemfuno yeenqwelo zegalufa zombane, usetyenziso olungelulo lwegalufa luyanda ngokukhawuleza. Kwishishini lokhenketho laseYurophu, iinqwelo zegalufa zombane ziye zathandwa kwiindawo zokungcebeleka nakwiihotele ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, apho zixatyiswa khona ngenxa yokukhupha umbane okuphantsi kunye nokusebenza kwazo ngokuthula. Njengoko ukhenketho lwendalo lwaseYurophu luqikelelwa ukuba luza kukhula kwi-8% CAGR ukuya kutsho ngo-2030, imfuno yeenqwelo zegalufa zombane kwezi ndawo kulindeleke ukuba inyuke. I-Tara Golf Carts, enoluhlu lweemveliso ezenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kokuzonwabisa kunye nobungcali, ikwimeko entle kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno, inikezela ngeemodeli ezibeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo.

Iinjongo zoBuchule boBugcisa kunye nokuZinza

Abathengi baseYurophu bagxile ngakumbi ekuzinzeni kwaye bazimisele ukutyala imali kwiimveliso zexabiso eliphantsi nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Ngaphezulu kwama-60% abantu baseYurophu bavakalisa ukhetho kwiimveliso eziluhlaza, nto leyo ehambelana nokuzibophelela kukaTara ekuzinzeni kokuhambahamba. Iimodeli zamva nje zikaTara zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziphambili, ezibonelela ngama-20% obubanzi kunye namaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuneebhetri zemveli ze-lead-acid.

Amabala egalufa kunye namashishini anomdla ngokukodwa kwiinqwelo zegalufa zombane ngenxa yeprofayili yazo enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi, ezihambelana noxinzelelo lolawulo lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya. Ngaphezu koko, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwebhetri kunye nokuhlanganiswa kweGPS kwenze ezi nqwelo zaba nomtsalane ngakumbi ekusetyenzisweni kwezolonwabo nakwezorhwebo.

Izikhuthazo zoLawulo kunye neMpembelelo yeMarike

Imeko-bume yokulawula yaseYurophu ixhasa ngakumbi iinqwelo zegalufa zombane, ezikhuthazwa ngamanyathelo ajolise ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo nokukhuthaza iindlela zothutho ezizinzileyo kwezolonwabo nakukhenketho. Kumazwe afana neJamani neFransi, oorhulumente boomasipala kunye neearhente zokusingqongileyo banikezela ngezibonelelo okanye izikhuthazo zerhafu kwiindawo zokungcebeleka, iihotele, kunye neendawo zokuzonwabisa ezitshintshela kwiinqwelo zegalufa zombane, beqaphela ezi njengeendlela ezikhupha umoya ophantsi endaweni yeenqwelo ezisebenzisa igesi. Umzekelo, eFransi, amashishini anokufaneleka ukufumana isibonelelo esigubungela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15% yeendleko zeenqwelo zegalufa zombane xa zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo zokhenketho lwendalo.

Ukongeza kwizikhuthazo ezithe ngqo, umnqweno obanzi we-European Green Deal wemisebenzi yokuzonwabisa ezinzileyo ukhuthaza amabala egalufa kunye noluntu oluvalelweyo ukuba bamkele iinqwelo zombane. Amabala amaninzi egalufa ngoku asebenzisa "iziqinisekiso eziluhlaza," ezifuna ukutshintshela kwizithuthi zombane kuphela kwindawo. Ezi ziqinisekiso zinceda abaqhubi ukunciphisa umkhondo wabo wendalo kunye nokutsala abathengi abaqaphela indalo, okwandisa imfuno yeemodeli ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo.